TheBobMyster Posted May 15, 2015 Report Share Posted May 15, 2015 So guys, I have like 12 hours until my P3 Sl Chemistry Exam and I still have to learn another optional. So far, I've learned drugs and medicine, I heard that environmental is easy to learn so I'm planning on doing that one. However, the best notes I could find for Environment are 16 pages which isn't really that long but considering how much time I have to study and how detailed the notes are (with small font), I was wondering if anyone could help me get notes that are about 10 pages, or just a fast way to learn. Any Ideas? Reply Link to post Share on other sites More sharing options...
IbTrojan Posted May 15, 2015 Report Share Posted May 15, 2015 So guys, I have like 12 hours until my P3 Sl Chemistry Exam and I still have to learn another optional. So far, I've learned drugs and medicine, I heard that environmental is easy to learn so I'm planning on doing that one. However, the best notes I could find for Environment are 16 pages which isn't really that long but considering how much time I have to study and how detailed the notes are (with small font), I was wondering if anyone could help me get notes that are about 10 pages, or just a fast way to learn. Any Ideas?My teacher actually advised us against doing Environmental...she told us that everyone thinks it's the easiest but it's not. (I'm doing Analytical Chemistry and let me tell you, that's not too bad.) But after a quick search, I found a couple things. Dunno if it'll help you or not: http://ibchemistry-review.blogspot.ca/p/option-e-environmental-chemistry.html - I have no idea if this is the entire syllabus for Environmental but it seemed thorough enough (sorry, I don't know much about it, so I don't know how much detail you'd like) I'd suggest you read the actual syllabus though (and in case you don't have it, http://masseychem.weebly.com/uploads/1/2/8/0/12806117/opte.pdf ) https://studentsh.scis-his.net/ddavis/grade-12-chemistry/ - a bunch of PowerPoints and other resources http://hall24.edublogs.org/files/2014/05/HL_Workbook_Environmental-Chemistry-Opt-E-2012_Solutions-23e7y9w.pdf this is a little lengthy but it consists of questions with answers which might be handy That's all I found...not sure if any of it is useful though :/ I wish you all the best for your Paper 3! 1 Reply Link to post Share on other sites More sharing options...
TheBobMyster Posted May 15, 2015 Author Report Share Posted May 15, 2015 So guys, I have like 12 hours until my P3 Sl Chemistry Exam and I still have to learn another optional. So far, I've learned drugs and medicine, I heard that environmental is easy to learn so I'm planning on doing that one. However, the best notes I could find for Environment are 16 pages which isn't really that long but considering how much time I have to study and how detailed the notes are (with small font), I was wondering if anyone could help me get notes that are about 10 pages, or just a fast way to learn. Any Ideas?My teacher actually advised us against doing Environmental...she told us that everyone thinks it's the easiest but it's not. (I'm doing Analytical Chemistry and let me tell you, that's not too bad.) But after a quick search, I found a couple things. Dunno if it'll help you or not: http://ibchemistry-review.blogspot.ca/p/option-e-environmental-chemistry.html - I have no idea if this is the entire syllabus for Environmental but it seemed thorough enough (sorry, I don't know much about it, so I don't know how much detail you'd like) I'd suggest you read the actual syllabus though (and in case you don't have it, http://masseychem.weebly.com/uploads/1/2/8/0/12806117/opte.pdf ) https://studentsh.scis-his.net/ddavis/grade-12-chemistry/ - a bunch of PowerPoints and other resources http://hall24.edublogs.org/files/2014/05/HL_Workbook_Environmental-Chemistry-Opt-E-2012_Solutions-23e7y9w.pdf this is a little lengthy but it consists of questions with answers which might be handy That's all I found...not sure if any of it is useful though :/ I wish you all the best for your Paper 3! Thanks for the help. I also tried the first link but it doesn't work . Anyways, who knows maybe I might do analytical as well is it's not that bad. Reply Link to post Share on other sites More sharing options...
IbTrojan Posted May 15, 2015 Report Share Posted May 15, 2015 (edited) Yup! No worries Oh, well here it is (but be warned, the format is messed up- the info is supposed to be in charts...clearly it's not anymore) Option E: Environmental Chemistry (SL) E1 Air PollutionE.1.1 Describe the main sources of carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen and sulfur, particulates and volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere.Primary PollutantNatural SourceMan-made (anthropogenic) sourceCarbon MonoxideIncomplete oxidation of methaneIncomplete combustion of fossil fuelsOxides of Nitrogen(1) Electric storms(2) biological processesReaction inside internal combustion engines at high temperatureSulfur Dioxide(1) Oxidation of H2S produced by volcanoes(2) decay of organic matter(1) Combustion of sulfur-containing coal(2) smelting of sulfide oresPartiulatesSoot, ash, dust asbestos, sand, smoke, pollen, bacterial and fungal sporesBurning of fossil fuels, particularly coal and dieselVolatile organic compoundsPlants emit unsaturated hydrocarbons terpenes (e.g. rice)(1) Unburned or partially burned gasoline and fuels(2) Solvents. E.1.2 Evaluate the current methods for the reduction of air pollution.Primary PollutantMethodExplanationCarbon Monoxide(1) Catalytic converters(1) A catalytic convertor containing platinum, palladium or rhodium. 2CO + 2NO —Pt→ 2COÂ2 + N2Oxides of Nitrogen(1) Catalytic converters(2) Control of fuel/air ratio(1) A catalytic convertor containing platinum, palladium or rhodium. 2CO + 2NO —Pt→ 2COÂ2 + N2(2) Less air in the engine means lower temperature, so less of oxides of nitrogen is made.Sulfur Dioxide(1) Alkaline scrubbing(2) Limestone-based fluidized beds(1) Sulfur dioxide can be removed from the exhaust fumes by alkaline “scrubbing.â€CaCO3(s) + SO2(g) → CaSOÂ3(s) + CO2(g)CaO(s) + SO2(g) → CaSO3(s)2CaSO3(s) + O2(g) + 4H2O → 2CaSO4∙2H2O(s)However, this still makes sludge which has to be stored at a landfill or used in the manufacture of plasters.(2) Burning the coal on a bed of limestone.Limestone decomposes: CaCO3(s) → CaO(s)+ CO2(g) and reacts with sulfur oxides CaO(s) + SO2(g) → CaSO3(s); 2CaO(s) + 2SO2(g) + O2(g) → 2CaSO4(s)Particulates(1) electrostatic precipitation(1) Used with particles that do not settle under the force of gravity. Particles are charged and then attracted by oppositely charged electrodes. The material that gets attached to the electrodes is periodically shaken off into a precipitator.Volatile organic compounds(1) Catalytic convertor(1) VOCs such as unburned fuel are completely oxidized in a reaction catalyzed by rhodium, palladium or platinum.VOC + O2 → CO2 + H2OE2 Acid DepositionE.2.1 State what is meant by the term acid deposition and outline its origins.Acid deposition is the process by which acidic particles, gases and precipitation leave the atmosphere. Acid deposition can be wet, the acidic species are dissolved in rain, snow or fog, or dry, whereby the acidic chemicals leave the atmosphere as solids or gases.Pure rainwater usually contains dissolved carbon dioxide, so is acidic with a pH of 5.6. Therefore, acid rain has pH lower than 5.6. This acidity is caused by oxides of sulfur and nitrogen.Reactions we need to know:Burning of sulfur and nitrogen:S(s) + O2(g) → SO2(g)2SO2(g) + O2(g) → 2SO3(g)NÂ2(g) + O2(g) → 2NO(g)2NO(g) + O2(g) → 2NO2(g) Oxides of sulfur and nitrogen with water: SO2(g) + H2O(g) → H2SO3(aq)SO3(g) + H2O(g) → H2SO4(aq)NO(g) + H2O(g) → HNO2(aq)NO2(g) + H2O(g) → HNO3(aq) We need to know the origins of acid deposition. For sources of oxides of sulfur and nitrogen see E.1.1! E.2.2 Discuss the environmental effects of acid deposition and possible methods to counteract them.Environmental effects:Acid rains leach Mg2+ from the soil, which reduces chlorophyll levels. This slows growth of the affected plants. Acid rains increase the concentration of Al3+ by releasing it from the rock. Al3+ binds to the roots and hinders plants from taking up water. Acid rains cause chemical erosion of stones such as limestone (CaCO3). Acid rains kill aquatic life. Bellow pH 4, lakes are essentially dead. Acid rains leach nutrients from the soil (Mg2+, K+, Ca2+). Possible methods to counteract acid rain:Ways of reducing SOx and NOx in the air are alkaline scrubbing, limestone-based fluidized beds and catalytic converters. Acidity of lakes can be neutralized by adding weak bases CaO and Ca(OH)2E3 Greenhouse effectE.3.1 Describe the greenhouse effect. Greenhouse gases (esp. COÂ2 and H2O) let the high-energy short-wave radiation from the sun pass through the atmosphere and hit the earth. Some waves are re-radiated back into the space as higher-wavelength radiation (esp. IR). However, the bonds in greenhouse gases absorb the radiation coming from the earth and re-radiate it back. As a result, Earth and its atmosphere heat up. E.3.2 List the main greenhouse gases and their sources, and discuss their relative effects. GasSourceHeat trapping effectiveness compared to CO2Contribution to increased global warmingH2O(1) Evaporation of oceans(2) Combustion of hydrocarbons0.1Less than 1%CO2(1) Combustion of fossil fuels and biomass(2) Forest fires(3) Decay of plants and animals150%CH4(1) Anaerobic decay of organic matter caused by intensive farming(2) Naturally released by rice plant3018%N2O(1) Bacterial action(2) Fertilizers1506%CFCs(1) Refrigerants(2) Propellants10,000 – 25,00014% E.3.3 Discuss the influence of increasing amounts of greenhouse gases on the atmosphere.Melting of the polar ice cap and thermal expansion of the oceans (above 4 ÌŠC) cause increase in the sea levels. Weather patterns change and cause more frequent floods, droughts, changes in precipitation and the yield and distribution of commercial crops. Availability of fresh drinking water may become a problem. Due to the warmer climate, pests and disease-carrying organisms that like warmth spread to larger areas – the expanse of malaria.E6 Water Treatment E.6.1 List the primary pollutants found in waste water and identify their sources.Primary water pollutantSourcePesticides – herbicides, DDTFarmingDioxins . accumulate in fatty tissue and extremely toxicWaste material containing organochlorine that wasn’t incinerated at a sufficiently high temperature.Polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs)Transformers, capacitorsHeavy metalsCadmium from zinc mining, rechargeable batteries and some paints. Mercury from batteries, mercury thermometers and fungicides for seed dressing. Lead from leaded gasoline (lead tetraethyl), old paints and lead water pipes.Nitrates – soluble in water so hard to removeAnimal farming; artificial fertilizers Edited May 15, 2015 by IbTrojan 1 Reply Link to post Share on other sites More sharing options...
Msj Chem Posted May 15, 2015 Report Share Posted May 15, 2015 I have video tutorials for options B (biochemistry), E (environmental) and F (food chemistry).You can find links below: Option Bhttps://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLluIsqNl4jcoWhUtDaatxuO8FLKyaiQAy Option E:https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLluIsqNl4jcqlvlGbaS0orsChRvVAi848 Option F:https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLluIsqNl4jcrH7TRUkS_ULu22EbzW-oH9 Options B and E also have practice exam questions (linked to below the video) Good luck! 3 Reply Link to post Share on other sites More sharing options...
TheBobMyster Posted May 15, 2015 Author Report Share Posted May 15, 2015 I have video tutorials for options B (biochemistry), E (environmental) and F (food chemistry).You can find links below: Option Bhttps://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLluIsqNl4jcoWhUtDaatxuO8FLKyaiQAy Option E:https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLluIsqNl4jcqlvlGbaS0orsChRvVAi848 Option F:https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLluIsqNl4jcrH7TRUkS_ULu22EbzW-oH9 Options B and E also have practice exam questions (linked to below the video) Good luck! Thanks So Much! Reply Link to post Share on other sites More sharing options...
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